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Tilia x europaea 'Pallida'

Tilia x europaea 'Pallida'

European linden 'Pallida'

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Description

Tilia × europaea ‘Pallida’, commonly known as the Emperor lime, is the most widely used cultivar of the Dutch lime due to its vigorous, straight growth and its symmetrical crown structure. The tree has been cultivated extensively since the sixteenth century and has been widely exported to other European countries since the seventeenth century. Descendants of these early plantings can still be found in Great Britain, Sweden and Russia. The selection ‘Pallida’ grows to a height of twenty to thirty meters and develops a broad ovate to oval rounded crown with a distinctly rounded top, reaching a width of fifteen to twenty meters. It often forms three to five upright scaffold branches and produces both root suckers and trunk shoots.

The young leaves of Tilia × europaea ‘Pallida’ emerge in a striking bright green color and later turn fresh green. The underside is yellow green and lightly hairy. The Emperor lime flowers in June with pale yellow, fragrant blossoms. The fruits that follow are small and lightly ribbed. On young trees, the bark is gray and smooth, becoming darker and furrowed with age. Young twigs are yellow green and later turn reddish brown, which is particularly noticeable in winter.

The Emperor lime is especially well suited for avenues in wide green verges and for parks. The tree has modest soil requirements, provided the soil is sufficiently moist and fertile. Tilia × europaea ‘Pallida’ tolerates paving and urban stress well, but this lime is also highly susceptible to aphids. Despite this drawback, the large shade providing crown, stately appearance and high biodiversity value make the selection ‘Pallida’ a valuable addition in locations where honeydew nuisance is not an issue.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees feathered trees multi-stemmed trees shade trees

Topiary on stem

fval beehive fval block fval roof-trained fval level fval pollard fval candelabra fval espalier fval pleached

Topiary

beehive beehive cylinder cylinder column column hedge hedge hedge element hedge element archway archway espalier espalier

Use

Location

avenue park large garden cemetery traffic areas, industrial zones countryside ecological zone

Pavement

none none open open sealed sealed

Planting concepts

eco planting landscape planting

Characteristics

Crown shape

wide pyramidal wide pyramidal

Crown structure

semi-open semi-open

Height

20 - 30 m

Width

15 - 20 m

Winter hardiness zone

4A - 9B

Aspects

Wind

tolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay peaty heavy clay light clay sand loamy soil all soils

Nutrient level

moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

moist

Light requirements

sun partial shade

pH range

acidic neutral alkaline

Host plant/forage plant

bees butterflies nectar value 5 pollen value 5

Extreme environments

tolerates air pollution

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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' standard tree
multi-stem multi-stem
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' multi-stem
multi-stem multi-stem
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' multi-stem
multi-stem multi-stem
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' multi-stem
multi-stem multi-stem
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' multi-stem
block-stem block
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' block
roof-trained roof-trained
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' roof-trained
multiple-roof level
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' level
multiple-roof level
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' level
multiple-roof level
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' level
espalier-stem espalier
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' espalier
espalier-stem espalier
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' espalier
pleached-stem pleached
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' pleached
pleached-stem pleached
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' pleached
pleached-stem pleached
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' pleached
leaves leaves
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' leaves
fruits fruits
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' fruits
bark bark
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' bark
twigs twigs
Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' twigs

Seasonal colours

Tilia x europaea 'Pallida' seizoenskleur
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Flowers

Flowers

corymbose striking pendulous flower-scented

Flower colour

pale yellow

Flowering period

June - July

Leaves

Leaf colour

pale green buds bright green underside yellow-green

Leaves

deciduous cordate serrate

Autumn colour

yellow

Fruits

Fruit colour

grey

Fruits

discrete small

Bark

Bark colour

grey-brown

Bark

furrowed smooth, later on rough

Twigs

Twig colour

red-brown

Twigs

bare vertical branches finely branched

Root system

Root system

deep highly branched root suckers

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

Winter hardiness map
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