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Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'

Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'

'Sapporo Autumn Gold' Elm

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Description

Ulmus ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ (‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ elm) is an American cross from the same sowing as Ulmus ‘Cathedral’ and arose from Ulmus pumila x Ulmus japonica. This cross was selected in 1958 by research scientist Gene Smalley of Wisconsin University, Madison, United States. The cultivar was named after the botanic garden of Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan - which is the source of the seeds. Ulmus ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ was released in 1975 as one of the first American resistant varieties. It has an untidy habit without a main trunk and the crown is asymmetrical, forming a rounded vase shape, twelve to fifteen metres tall and twelve metres wide.

The leaf of ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ is oval, buds bronze and then turns glossy dark green. The special quality of this tree - already alluded to in its name - is the wonderful, bright golden yellow autumn colour. In March, even before the leaves emerge, the selection produces clusters of red-violet flowers. After flowering, brown, winged nuts appear. Ulmus ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ has a dark black-grey bark which is grooved in older trees. 

‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ elm has good resistance to Dutch elm disease. However, this selection does not cope with wind and its untidy growth habit means it requires a lot of pruning to ensure a good tree shape. Certainly, on rich or fertile soils the elm displays an unruly growth habit: this can make it vulnerable to breakage. However, on drier, sheltered (sandy) soils the delightful bright yellow autumn colour of Ulmus ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ can certainly be of added ornamental value in parks and landscapes.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees shade trees

Use

Location

park central reservation large garden cemetery countryside

Pavement

none none open open sealed sealed

Characteristics

Crown shape

vase-shaped vase-shaped

Crown structure

semi-open semi-open

Height

12 - 15 m

Width

8 - 12 m

Winter hardiness zone

5A - 9B

Aspects

Wind

intolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay light clay sand loamy soil

Nutrient level

low in nutrients moderately rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist wet

Light requirements

sun partial shade

pH range

acidic neutral alkaline

Host plant/forage plant

butterflies

Extreme environments

resistant to dutch elm disease 5

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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' standard tree
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
leaves leaves
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' leaves
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
bark bark
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' bark
twigs twigs
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' twigs
twigs twigs
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' twigs

Flowers

Flowers

raceme discrete

Flower colour

red-violet

Flowering period

March

Leaves

Leaf colour

buds bronze dark green

Leaves

deciduous ovoid big serrate

Autumn colour

golden yellow

Fruits

Fruit colour

grey-brown

Fruits

winged small nut

Bark

Bark colour

grey-black

Bark

furrowed smooth, later on rough

Twigs

Twig colour

grey

Twigs

bare horizontal branches pendulous long shoots

Root system

Root system

extensive on own root

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

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